Tecnia




 

IP university official website


  1. Tecnia Institute of Advanced Studies (TIAS)  website
  2. CDL [Center of Distance Learning] website 
  3. Ashtavakra Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research website
  4. Tecnia Institute of Dance, Music & Fine Art website
  5. Tecnia Institute of Art and Design website
  6. Tecnia Institute of Teacher education website 
  7. Tecnia International School website 


Tecnia Institute of Advanced Studies (TIAS) – is one of the Premier Institute, set up under the aegis of Health & Education Society (Regd.), – a body registered under the Society Registration Act XXI, 1860. TIAS is NAAC accredited “A” Grade Institute duly recognized by All India Council for Technical Education, Ministry of Education, Govt. of India and is affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi; Recognized under Section 2(f) of UGC Act, 1956 established in the country’s capital in the year 1998 as an educational and professional center, with an aim to provide technical knowledge required for career development of young generation by way of providing the quality education.



Value Added Courses (VACs) are the program offered by the GGSIP University to provide necessary skills to increase the employability quotient and equipping the students with essential skills to succeed in life. Know more about this here



Business plan PPT Sample


Academic  Cycle Process


Collect subject preferences from faculties ==> Create and upload LP on Portal ==> Create Course file 


Academic Components : Classes + Internal Exam marks + Assignments(2)  + PPT + Minor  Project + Major Project + Moocs + STR                                         


Items to be assigned to the students in each Semester either Odd / Even.


(A) In Class work  : Grading will be out of 25 


1) Assign 2 assignments (10 marks) [ each assignment is of 5 marks ]

2) One PPT presentation (5 marks)

3) Case Studies (5 marks)

4) Quiz (5 marks)


(B)Internal Marks  (25 marks)


(C) Lab File  (40 Marks) 


1) Practical file (10 marks)

2) Actual practical conducted in Lab marks (10 marks)

3) Viva marks (10 marks)

4)  Flip classes (10 marks)










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Tecnia Programs : BCA/ MCA/ BBA/ MBA/ BAJMC

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Sem-2: BBA-108 -E-commerce

Syllabus 






For Notes : Click here






































The objective of  this course is to imparts understanding of the concepts and various application issues of e-commerce like internet infrastructure, security over internet, payment system and various online strategies for e-commerce.

INTRODUCTION OF E-COMMERCE
























Ecosystem of E-commerce















































  • HTML

HTML is a markup language, NOT a programming language. Nonetheless, it is the most basic language for client-side web programming, often known as front-end development.

HyperText Markup Language is abbreviated as HTML. The term "hypertext" refers to a page that contains hyperlinks. Markup language uses tags to describe the layout and structure of a document. It is a programming language that is used to create the layout and structure of a web page.

HTML was established for the first time in 1991. It has continued to improve since then, with HTML5 being the most recent version.

HTML tags are the building blocks of markup. The tags instruct the browser on how to display the text they contain. The layout of web pages is controlled by a vast number of HTML tags. The HTML elements p>.../p>, for example, indicate that this is a paragraph, and that the content wrapped in this tag should begin slightly indented on a new line.

HTML tags may also be enhanced by adding attributes to improve their appearance and functionality.

HTML is a platform-independent, easy-to-learn language.

XHTML
Extensible HTML is the abbreviation for "extensible HTML." It's a rigorous version of HTML that spells out the standards and best practises for writing HTML code. The concept behind XHTML is that web developers all around the globe use a standardised technique and tags for creating web pages so that they may be seen on any web browser on any smart device.


  • CSS

CSS is an abbreviation for Cascading Style Sheets. It provides a technique for creating graphic elements that help a web application's appearance look more appealing. A style tag in a web page defines all the specifics regarding the web page's presentation, including its border styles, image styles, colour, font styles, borders, format, font size, margins, padding, etc.

so basically CSS enable the web page's developer to add aesthetics. A style element in a web page provides all of the specifics of the web page's presentation, including its colour, format, border styles, image styles, font size, font styles, margins, padding, and borders, among other things.CSS was created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in 1996. 



  • JS - JavaScript

It is a client-side scripting language designed for a specific purpose, but several JavaScript frameworks are already utilized as server-side scripting technologies.








Program #1 :

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a Heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>




Note: for better understanding refer code of html.

 <title> = to store website name or content to be displayed.

 <link>   = To add/ link css( cascading style sheet)  file.

 <meta>   = 1. to store data about website, organisation , creator/ owner
            2. for responsive website via attributes 
            3. to tell compatibility of html with browser 
 <script> = to add javascript file.



Program #2 :

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>This is a Heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
<p>Welcome to the world o HTML</>
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

Program #3

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1>This is heading 1</h1>
<h2>This is heading 2</h2>
<h3>This is heading 3</h3>
<h4>This is heading 4</h4>
<h5>This is heading 5</h5>
<h6>This is heading 6</h6>

</body>
</html>

Program #4

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h2>HTML Links</h2>
<p>HTML links are defined with the a tag:</p>

<a href="https://tiaspg.tecnia.in/">This is a link</a>

</body>
</html>

Program #5


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h2>HTML Images</h2>
<p>HTML images are defined with the img tag:</p>

<img src="Taj Mahal.jpg" alt="Symbol of Love" width="104" height="142">

</body>
</html>


Program #6

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h2>HTML Buttons</h2>
<p>HTML buttons are defined with the button tag:</p>
<button>Click me</button>
</body>
</html>


Program #7



<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h2>An Unordered HTML List</h2>

<ul>
  <li>Coffee</li>
  <li>Tea</li>
  <li>Milk</li>
</ul>  

<h2>An Ordered HTML List</h2>

<ol>
  <li>Coffee</li>
  <li>Tea</li>
  <li>Milk</li>
</ol> 

</body>
</html>


Program #8.  (Another example of  imgsrc tag)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h2>The alt Attribute</h2>
<p>The alt attribute should reflect the image content, so users who cannot see the image get an understanding of what the image contains:</p>

<img src="img_girl.jpg" alt="Boy with a cap" width="500" height="600">

</body>
</html>



What is a comment in HTML Programming?

  • The comment  is used to insert comments in the source code. Comments are not displayed in the browsers. 
  • You can use comments to explain your code, which can help you when you edit the source code at a later date. This is especially useful if you have a lot of code.

How to insert a comment in HTML program?

You can add comments to your HTML source by using the following syntax:

<!-- Write your comments here -->

in HTML, any content that is in between <!- and ->> is a comment that will not be rendered or displayed by the browser.  


Example : 


<!-- This is a comment -->

<!-- You can add more information here -->


HTML Formatting Elements


Formatting elements were designed to display special types of text:



Try these Examples :

Program #9.
  • <b>This text is bold</b>
  • <strong>This text is important!</strong>
  • <i>This text is italic</i>
  • <em>This text is emphasized</em>
  • <small>This is some smaller text.</small>
  • <p>Do not forget to buy <mark>Books</mark> today.</p>
  • <p>My favorite color is <del>blue</del> red.</p>
  • <p>My favorite color is <del>blue</del> <ins>red</ins>.</p>
  • <p>This is <sub>subscripted</sub> text.</p>
  • <p>This is <sup>superscripted</sup> text.</p>


Program #10.

The <pre> tag defines preformatted text. Text in a <pre> element is displayed in a fixed-width font, and the text preserves both spaces and line breaks. The text will be displayed exactly as written in the HTML source code.

Example : 



<pre>
I Love           


              My 


                                 INDIA
</pre>


Program #11.

Usage of <br> tag

To insert a blank line in HTML, you can use the <br> tag. The <br> tag is a self-closing tag, which means it does not have an end tag.

 To use the <br> tag, simply add it to your HTML code wherever you want a blank line to appear. 

Example:


<p>This is the first line of text.</p>
<br>
<p>This is the second line of text.</p>


Program #12.

Usage of <&nbsp> tag

&nbsp; allows us to create multiple spaces in a row, something that we cannot do by using multiple spacebars in a row.

Example : 

<html>
<head>
<title>Example of &nbsp:</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>This is a &nbsp                                   regular space.</p>
</body>
</html>



Program #13.
Practice this example for many tags together in a single program


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>This is a Heading one </h1>
<h2>HTML is Not Case Sensitive</h2>
<p>This is <br> a paragraph.</p>
<a href="https://tiaspg.tecnia.in/">This is a link</a>
<a href="https://tiaspg.tecnia.in/">Visit our Website</a>
<img src="img_girl.jpg">
<img src="Tecnia website.jpg" alt="https://tiaspg.tecnia.in/" width="104" height="142">
</body>
</html>
  


Program #14.

<! This is a program for coloured heading and paragaraph >
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1 style="color:blue;">This is a heading</h1>
<p style="color:red;">This is a paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

Program #15.

usage of <Marque >tag


<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome To Web Designing world </title>
<body bgcolor="green">
<h1><b><u><marquee>Become  a Web  Designer</h1></b></u></marquee>
<h3> Website development and website designing are two different aspects of a website </h3>
</body>
</head>
</html>



Program #16.


<!You can set the background color for HTML elements:

><!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1 style="background-color:DodgerBlue;">Hello World</h1>

<p style="background-color:Tomato;">
“The deepest craving of human nature is the need to be appreciated.” —William James<br><br>

“Thankfulness is the beginning of gratitude. Gratitude is the completion of thankfulness. Thankfulness may consist merely of words. Gratitude is shown in acts.” —Henri Frederic Amiel
</p>

</body>
</html>


Program #17.

<html>

<head>

<style>

table, th, td {  border: 1px solid black;}

</style>

</head>

<body>


<h1>The caption element</h1>


<table>

  <caption>Monthly savings</caption>

  <tr>

    <th>Month</th>

    <th>Savings</th>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td>January</td>

    <td>$100</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td>February</td>

    <td>$50</td>

  </tr>

</table>


</body>

</html>


Program #18. 

<! Program to insert quotation mark >

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<body>


<p>Browsers usually insert quotation marks around the q element.</p>


<p>WWF's goal is to: <q>Build a future where people live in harmony with nature.</q></p>


</body>

</html>

you can refer more examples for Practice at this link  and this one  too.

Program #19. 

<! Add padding to a table >

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<style>

table, th, td {   border: 1px solid black;}

th, td {  padding: 20px;}

</style>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Add Padding to a Table</h1>

<table>

  <tr>

    <th>Month</th>

    <th>Savings</th>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td>January</td>

    <td>$100</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td>February</td>

    <td>$80</td>

  </tr>

</table>

</body>

</html>


Program #20. 

<Add a specific width to a column >

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<style>

table, th, td {

  border: 1px solid black;

}

</style>

</head>

<body>


<h1>Add a Specific Width to a Table</h1>


<table style="width:300px">

  <tr>

    <th>Month</th>

    <th>Savings</th>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td>January</td>

    <td>$100</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td>February</td>

    <td>$80</td>

  </tr>

</table>


</body>

</html>



Program #21. 


<!Program to change the width of the border>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<body>


<h2 style="border: 3px solid Tomato;">H e l l o   W o r l d </h2>


<h1 style="border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;">Hello World</h1>


<h1 style="border: 1px solid Violet;">Hello World</h1>


</body>

</html>



  • HTML tables allow web developers to arrange data into rows and columns.
  • Each table cell is defined by a <td> and a </td> tag. td stands for table data.
  • Each table row starts with a <tr> and ends with a </tr> tag. tr stands for table row.
  • Sometimes you want your cells to be table header cells. In those cases use the <th> tag instead of the <td> tag, th stands for table header.

Program #22

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<style>

table, th, td {

  border:1px solid black;

}

</style>

<body>

<h2>TD elements define table cells</h2>

<table style="width:100%">

  <tr>

    <td>Esha</td>

    <td>Tony</td>

    <td>Lalit</td>

  </tr>

</table>

<p>To understand the example better, we have added borders to the table.</p>

</body>

</html>


Program #23

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<style>

table, th, td {

  border:1px solid black;

}

</style>

<body>


<h2>TR elements define table rows</h2>


<table style="width:100%">

  <tr>

    <td>Ankita</td>

    <td>Tanya</td>

    <td>Deepanshu</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td>16</td>

    <td>14</td>

    <td>10</td>

  </tr>

</table>


<p>To understand the example better, we have added borders to the table.</p>


</body>

</html>


Program #23

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<style>

table, th, td {

  border:1px solid black;

}

</style>

<body>

<h2>TH elements define table headers</h2>

<table style="width:100%">

  <tr>

    <th>Person 1</th>

    <th>Person 2</th>

    <th>Person 3</th>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td>Emil</td>

    <td>Tobias</td>

    <td>Linus</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td>16</td>

    <td>14</td>

    <td>10</td>

  </tr>

</table>

<p>To understand the example better, we have added borders to the table.</p>

</body>

</html>


Program #24

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<style>

table, th, td {

  border: 1px solid black;

}

</style>

</head>

<body>

<h1>The table element</h1>

<table>

  <tr>

    <th>Month</th>

    <th>Savings</th>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td>January</td>

    <td>$100</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td>February</td>

    <td>$80</td>

  </tr>

</table>

</body>

</html>


Program #25

How To Create a Two Column Layout


<div class="row">

  <div class="column"></div>

  <div class="column"></div>

</div>


/* Create two equal columns that floats next to each other */

.column {

  float: left;

  width: 50%;

  padding: 10px;

  height: 300px;

}


.row:after {

  content: "";

  display: table;

  clear: both;

}

</style>

</head>

<body>


<h2>Two Equal Columns</h2>


<div class="row">

  <div class="column" style="background-color:#aaa;">

    <h2>Column 1</h2>

    <p>Some text..</p>

  </div>

  <div class="column" style="background-color:#bbb;">

    <h2>Column 2</h2>

    <p>Some text..</p>

  </div>

</div>


</body>

</html>


Program #26


Now we will create two unequal columns:

Example

.column {

  float: left;

}

.left {

  width: 25%;

}

.right {

  width: 75%;

}


Program #26

/* Create two unequal columns that floats next to each other */


<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

<style>

* {

  box-sizing: border-box;

}

.column {

  float: left;

  padding: 10px;

  height: 300px; /* Should be removed. Only for demonstration */

}

.left {

  width: 25%;

}

.right {

  width: 75%;

}

/* Clear floats after the columns */

.row:after {

  content: "";

  display: table;

  clear: both;

}

</style>

</head>

<body>

<h2>Two Unequal Columns</h2>

<div class="row">

  <div class="column left" style="background-color:#aaa;">

    <h2>Column 1</h2>

    <p>Some text..</p>

  </div>

  <div class="column right" style="background-color:#bbb;">

    <h2>Column 2</h2>

    <p>Some text..</p>

  </div>

</div>

</body>

</html>


Program #27


In HTML5 <audio> and <video> tags make it simple to add media to a website. You need to set src attribute to identify the media source and include a controls attribute so the user can play and pause the media.


<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<body>

<h1>The audio element</h1>

<p>Click on the play button to play a sound:</p>

<audio controls>

  <source src="horse.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">

  Your browser does not support the audio element.

</audio>

</body>

</html>



Currently there are three supported file format for HTML 5 audio tag.

  1. mp3
  2. wav
  3. ogg

Embedding Video


Here is the simplest form of embedding a video file in your webpage −

<!DOCTYPE HTML>

<html>

   <body>

            <video  width = "300" height = "200" controls autoplay>

                  <source src = "/html5/foo.mp4" type = "video/mp4" />

         Your browser does not support the <video> element.

      </video>

         </body>

</html>





Currently, there are three video formats supported for HTML video tag:


  1. mp4
  2. webM
  3. ogg

Program #28

<!DOCTYPE>

<html>  

<body>  

<video width="320" height="240" controls autoplay loop>  

  <source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4">  

  Your browser does not support the html video tag.  

</video>  

</body>

</html>  





How to Create Frames

While frames should not be used for new websites, learning how to use frames can be beneficial for webmasters who are managing older websites.

The Basic Idea Behind Frames
The basic concept behind frames is pretty simple:

Use the frameset element in place of the body element in an HTML document.
Use the frame element to create frames for the content of the web page.
Use the src attribute to identify the resource that should be loaded inside each frame.
Create a different file with the contents for each frame.


First we need a few HTML documents to work with. Let’s create four different HTML documents. Here’s what the first will contain:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <body>
        <h1>Frame 1</h1>
        <p>Contents of Frame 1</p>
    </body>
</html>
The first document we’ll save as frame_1.html. The other three documents will have similar contents and follow the same naming sequence.



Creating Vertical Columns

To create a set of four vertical columns, we need to use the frameset element with the cols attribute.

The cols attribute is used to define the number and size of columns the frameset will contain. In our case, we have four files to display, so we need four frames. To create four frames we need to assign four comma-separated values to the cols attribute.

To make things simple we’re going to assign the value * to each of the frames, this will cause them to be automatically sized to fill the available space.

Here’s what our HTML markup looks like.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<frameset cols="*,*,*,*">
    <frame src="../file_path/frame_1.html">
    <frame src="frame_2.html">
    <frame src="frame_3.html">
    <frame src="frame_4.html">
</frameset>
</html>

And here’s how that HTML will render.








Creating Horizontal Rows

Rows of frames can be created by using the rows attribute rather than the cols attribute as shown in the HTML below.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<frameset rows="*,*,*,*">
    <frame src="frame_1.html">
    <frame src="frame_2.html">
    <frame src="frame_3.html">
    <frame src="frame_4.html">
</frameset>
</html>
By making that one change, the frames now load as four rows stacked up on top of eachother.





Mixing Columns and Rows

Columns and rows of frames can both appear on the same webpage by nesting one frameset inside of another. To do this, we first create a frameset and then nest a child frameset within the parent element. Here’s an example of how we could nest two rows within a set of three columns.

<frameset cols="*,*,*">
    <frameset rows="*,*">
        <frame src="frame_1.html">
        <frame src="frame_2.html">
    </frameset>
    <frame src="frame_3.html">
    <frame src="frame_4.html">
</frameset>
Here’s the result of that code:




The nested frameset takes the place of the first frame within the parent element. The nested element can be placed in any position. For example, if we wanted the nested element to appear in the center position we would just rearrange the elements like this.

<frameset cols="*,*,*">
    <frame src="frame_1.html">
    <frameset rows="*,*">
        <frame src="frame_2.html">
        <frame src="frame_3.html">
    </frameset>
    <frame src="frame_4.html">
</frameset>
Here’s how the rearranged frames would render.




2 insert image



One more way to create a combination of rows and columns is to define a grid of columns and rows in a single frameset. For example, if you wanted a grid of four equally sized frames, you could use the following code.

<frameset rows="*,*" cols="*,*">
    <frame src="frame_1.html">
    <frame src="frame_2.html">
    <frame src="frame_3.html">
    <frame src="frame_4.html">
</frameset>
The resulting grid of columns and rows looks like this











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